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The course begins with development gaps, and the relationships between per capita income and other measures of development. Thereafter it reviews the theories of economic growth and the development process. It focuses on the role of…

The course looks at economic theories and the process of integration, with a focus on European integration. The first part of the course examines various trade policy measures, their economic effects and the role of the WTO in…

The course deals with the mechanisms behind and the effects of international trade. To begin with, the gains from trade, as well as a few key results relating to trade policy, are derived under the assumptions of a generic neoclassical…

This is a course in both theoretical and applied portfolio analysis. Topics covered include problems related to mean-variance theory, index models, equilibrium and arbitrage pricing models, theories about efficient markets, valuation and…

The course presents modern microeconomic theory and a set of applications. The applications considered include: The theory of economic decision making under risk and uncertainty, including the important notions of risk aversion and…

The first part of this course will discuss how rational people should make simple decisions and form empirical judgments. This part also discusses the systematic ways in which real human beings deviate from these models in practice. A…

This course gives the basis that is needed to enable students to empirically analyse economic data without making unrealistic assumptions. Modern econometric techniques are treated, and at the same time considerable emphasis is placed on…

The content of the course is the following topics: • Elementary set theory (set inclusion, union, intersection), • Elementary number theory (natural numbers, rational numbers, real numbers), • Elementary functions …

This course covers modern econometric tools and empirical strategies used by economists and demographers for the analysis of cross-sectional and panel micro-data. The course teaches the econometric theory behind these techniques but also…

The course gives an introduction to basic concepts within time series analysis. The univariate analysis of time series in this course is based upon ARMA/ARIMA and ARCH-/GARCH models. Multivariate time series analysis is based on VAR models…

The course deals primarily with the short run, i.e. business cycle phenomena and stabilization policy. In addition, the determinants of long-run inflation and unemployment are studied. The course begins with consumption and investment…

The course focuses on macroeconomic issues that arise when studying and analysing open economies. The content of the course is focused on understanding how international flows of goods, services and capital affect open economies, and how…

These areas usually include individual health related behaviour, the physician-patient relationship, health insurance, competition in the hospital industry, innovation and diffusion of medical technology, equity in theory and practice,…

The course covers and discusses recent advances in Labour Economics, with an emphasis on empirical applications. Each lecture focuses on a specific topic. The course starts by discussing theories of labour supply and demand, and proceeds…

The course deals with both regional and multilateral economic integration, and the institutional and economic context within which they take place. Examples of issues covered include the current challenges faced by the World Trade…

The course deals with the mechanisms behind and the effects of international trade. The course uses an advanced treatment in terms of topics and methodology, qualifying the student to carry out advanced analyses and the study of issues…

The course aims at deepening the student's theoretical and methodological knowledge of development economics. The point of departure is that economies are low-income because of a lack of economic growth. This in turn depends on low…

The course contains the following building blocks: Investment decision under certainty: the risk free rate and Fisher-separability Risk aversion and expected utility Arrow-Debreu securities Portfolio theory Market equilibrium:…

The course begins with a brief discussion of estimation methods that can be used to analyse financial models, such as Least Square (LS), Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Generalised Method of Moment (GMM). This is followed by a description of…

The objective of this course is to give the students an understanding and hands-on knowledge of fundamental methods within financial risk management. The course deals with two main topics: measurement and management of market risk and…

The course primarily treats issues related to economic growth using advanced dynamic macroeconomic models with intertemporally optimising agents. Within the framework of growth theory, dynamic models in continuous and discrete time…

The course provides an advanced, organised, and comprehensive discussion of theoretical and empirical research in public economics. It focuses on the relationship between the government and the market and arguments for and against…

The course consists of four partially integrated sub-sections. The first part covers basic mineralogy, geology and soil science. Here, geomorphology (landscape features) is introduced, covering endogenous, exogenous and ecological…

Remote sensing is the common name for methods used to study the Environment around us without actually being in contact with the study objects. Examples of remote sensing methods are photography, echo sounding and radar. The course gives…

The course gives an introduction to the functioning of different ecosystems and the effects of climate and geology on the ecosystem processes with for example the carbon and nutrient cycle. The course aims to supply basic scientific…

Building on students’ prior knowledge, the course introduces fundamental physical, mathematical and statistical methods of relevance to approaching questions in physical geography. The relationship between measurement and modelling as a…

This course will provide you with in-depth and applied knowledge of Earth's landscapes. You will learn about the processes by which landscapes evolve and change in different climate and space scales. The course focuses on: the Earth…

The course aims to introduce the student to basic knowledge regarding global climate systems, climatological processes and their effect on global and local climate. The course contains components of both theoretical and practical character…

The overall goal of the course is to give you hydrological knowledge from different perspectives. This means that you must have knowledge of the water cycle in nature and how humans affect this in different ways. Important components…

This course gives you broad practical and theoretical knowledge for future work with digital geographical data and GIS (Geographical Information Systems). You will learn how to manage, analyse and visualise digital geographical data and…

This is a continuance for those who already have basic knowledge in GIS (Geographical Information Systems) but would like a deeper knowledge and understanding. The course consists of a number of modules with advanced use of constructing…

A pass on the course is compulsory if the student is to obtain a master’s degree in Physical Geography. The course is carried out as an independent project. In the project the student should display an ability to apply and compile…

The aim of the course is to provide increased knowledge of the effects on the environment of observed and future climate change. Considerable significance is attached to the study of the causal connections that can explain climatic…

The course contains lectures aiming a solid theoretical knowledge about the carbon cycle, greenhouse gases and environmental issues. Topics covered are assimilation of carbon in ecosystems via the photosynthesis, discharge of carbon from…

This course provides tools for analysing the interaction between climate, land use, biodiversity and ecosystem services at different spatial scales. The content of the course includes natural ecosystems, ecosystems with agricultural and…

The course is largely practically oriented to give training in problem-solving, and in how problems can is structured to be solved with programming tools. The course give theoretical bases of programming and application of programming in…

The aim of this course is to provide students with the theoretical understanding of how a geographic database is built-up and how it can be used. You will study key concepts for handling geographic databases with special focus on spatial…

The course contains a number of different basic components of spatial analysis, both in terms of theoretical background and analytical methods. Some of the concepts and techniques covered in the course are point pattern analysis,…

The aim of this course is to give the underlying mathematical and computer science theory required in GIS. This knowledge is necessary to evaluate the results in an analysis and to carry out more advanced analyses where the tools not are…

The aim of this course is to study the use of GIS in a client-server environment, where communication takes place through the Internet. Part of the course deals with computer screen cartography. The lectures deal with the most important…

The course provides theoretical and practical knowledge of advanced GIS methods and their applications in environmental sciences, spatial analysis, and decision-making. A central theme of the course is research reproducibility, where…

Simulation models are important tools and are used in administrations and companies to produce a basis for environmental policy decisions and planning, but the systems are also used in research contexts to describe complex systems and…

The course covers elementary programming concepts (arithmetic expressions, for-loops, logical expressions, if-statements, functions and classes) that are closely connected to mathematical/technical problems and examples, as well as…

The course covers: Basic iterative methods for linear and non-linear systems of linear equations, matrix factorisations and condition number; Convergence of iterative methods; Interpolation and quadrature; Discretisation of…

The course covers: Direct and/or iterative solution methods for various linear algebra problems such as linear systems of equations, eigenvalue problems and the least-squares method,  Matrix and vector norms, orthogonalisation,…

The degree project requires a literature survey and specialised studies. Furthermore, a number of compulsory activities are included, in the form of teaching sessions and seminars that treat e.g. scientific writing in English and Swedish,…

The degree project requires a literature review and special studies. In addition, it includes a number of compulsory elements, in the form of lessons and seminars, which deal with, among other things, scientific writing in English and…